Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf

During the period of jahiliyyah, Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf’s name was Abd Amr and according to another narration was Abdul Ka‘bah. After accepting Islam, the Holy Prophet (sa) changed his name to Abdur Rahman. He belonged to the tribe Banu Zuhrah bin Kilab. 

*(al-Tabaqaat-ul-Kubra li ibn Sa‘d, Vol. 3, p. 92, Abdur Rahman bin Auf, Dar-ul-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, 1990)*

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Introduction

Sahlah bint Asim relates that he was of a fair complexion, with beautiful eyes and long eyelashes. He had a long nose and his canine teeth were also long. His hair fell down to his ears, he had a long neck, strong wrists and large fingers. 

(al-Isti‘ab, Vol. 2, p. 847, Abdur Rahman bin Auf, Dar-ul-Jeel, Beirut)

Ibrahim bin Sa‘d relates from his father that Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf was very tall and had a white complexion with a hint of red. He was extremely handsome and had soft skin and did not use any hair-dye. It said that he had a limp in his leg, which happened after sustaining an injury in Uhud whilst fighting in the way of the truth. 

*(al-Isabah Fi Tamyeez al-Sahabah, Vol. 4, p. 292, Abdur Rahman bin Auf, Dar-ul-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, 1995)*

Appearance

Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf was amongst those ten companions who were given the glad tiding of paradise during their lifetime.

Amongst the Ashra Mubashra

He was also amongst those six companions whom Hazrat Umar (ra) had appointed to be part of the committee to elect the next Khalifa. Regarding these individuals, Hazrat Umar (ra) stated, “At the time of his demise, the Holy Prophet (sa) was pleased with them.” 

*(al-Isabah Fi Tamyeez al-Sahabah, Vol. 4, p. 290, Abdur Rahman bin Auf, Dar-ul-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, 1995)*

Member of the Khilafat Committee

Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf was born ten years after Aam al-Fil, i.e. the Year of the Elephant. Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf is amongst those very few individuals who had declared alcohol unlawful for themselves even during the period of jahiliyyah, i.e. prior to the advent of Islam.

Early Years & Abstinence from Alcohol

Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf had accepted Islam after being preached by Hazrat Abu Bakr (ra) even before the Holy Prophet (sa) established Dar-e-Arqam as the centre of Islam. Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf took part in both migrations to Abyssinia. 

*(Roshan Sitarey az Ghulam Bari Saif, pp. 103-104) (al-Tabaqaat-ul-Kubra li ibn Sa‘d, Vol. 3, p. 92, Abdur Rahman bin Auf, Dar-ul-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut)*

Acceptance of Islam & Migrations

There is a narration in Sahih Bukhari in which Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf relates that when he arrived in Medina, the Holy Prophet (sa) established a bond of brotherhood between him and Sa‘d (ra) bin Rabi‘. Upon this, Sa‘d (ra) bin Rabi‘ stated, “I am the wealthiest amongst the Ansar, therefore I shall give you half of my wealth and whichever of my two wives you like, I will separate from her for you. Once her iddat [a fixed period of time before a women can remarry] has passed, you can marry her.” Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf replied to Hazrat Sa‘d (ra) bin Rabi‘ that Allah the Almighty may bless his family and wealth, but he did not require anything for all he needed to know from him was whether there was a marketplace where people could trade. Hazrat Sa‘d (ra) informed him that there was a marketplace of the Banu Qaynuqah.

Subsequently, early next morning, Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf went there and carried out some trade and acquired some cheese and clarified butter as profit. He then returned to Hazrat Sa‘d (ra) bin Rabi‘’s house. Similarly, he went to the marketplace every morning and made profit from his trade.

Hijra & Bond of Brotherhood

Not long had passed that once, Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf came before the Holy Prophet (sa) and had a mark of saffron on him. And so, the Holy Prophet (sa) asked if he had married and he replied in the affirmative. The Holy Prophet (sa) enquired who he got married to and he replied that it was with a woman belonging to the Ansar. The Holy Prophet (sa) then asked how much dowry he had given and he stated that he gave gold the size of a nugget, or he perhaps said a nugget of gold. Upon this, the Holy Prophet (sa) stated that he should hold a walima [a ceremony after the consummation of marriage], even if it be by offering a single sheep. 

*(Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab-ul-Buyu‘, Bab Qaul Allah Wa Ahallallahu al-Bai‘a…’, Hadith 2048-2049)*

Instruction Regarding Walima

Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf relates that he experienced a time whereby even if he picked up a stone, he would expect to find gold or silver under it. In other words, Allah the Almighty had blessed his trade in abundance. 

*(al-Tabaqaat-ul-Kubra li ibn Sa‘d, Vol. 3, p. 93, Abdur Rahman bin Auf, Dar-ul-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, 1990)*


Blessed in Trade

Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf participated in all the battles alongside the Holy Prophet (sa), including the Battle of Badr and Uhud. 

*(al-Tabaqaat-ul-Kubra li ibn Sa‘d, Vol. 3, p. 95, Abdur Rahman bin Auf, Dar-ul-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, 1990)*

Relating an account from the Battle of Badr, Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf relates:

“I was standing in the rows for battle on the day of Badr. When I looked to my right and left, I saw two Ansari youths standing on either side of me, who were very young in age. At that moment, I wished that I was in between two people who were more mature and stronger. Thereupon, one of the youths nudged my hand and asked, ‘O my uncle! Do you recognise Abu Jahl?’ to which I said, ‘O my nephew, why is it that you ask?’ The young boy replied, ‘I heard that he would use foul language for the Holy Prophet (sa). I swear by the One in Whose hands is my life, if I see him, I will not let him out of my sight until the one who is destined to die from among us perishes.’ I was astonished by this reply. Then the other boy also tapped my hand and made the same enquiry. A short while passed when I saw Abu Jahl walking between the ranks. I said to the two young boys that there was the one about whom they enquired. Immediately the two youths drew their swords and cutting the ranks pounced on Abu Jahl and killed him. They then returned to inform the Holy Prophet (sa) of the news. The Holy Prophet (sa) asked which one from among them killed him? They both laid claim to the kill. The Holy Prophet (sa) then asked whether they had wiped their swords after they had killed him? They replied in the negative. The Holy Prophet (sa) then inspected their swords and said that both of them had in fact killed him. The Holy Prophet (sa) then said that the spoils of war would be given to Mu‘az bin Amr bin Jamooh. Both youths had the same name; one was Mu‘az bin Afraa and the other was Mu‘az bin Amr bin Jamooh.” This is a narration from Bukhari.

I have previously presented the clarification in relation to Abu Jahl’s killing but will mention it once again. According to some narrations, the two sons of Afraa, Mu‘awwiz and Mu‘az severely wounded Abu Jahl to the extent that he was on the brink of death and afterwards Hazrat Abdullah (ra) bin Mas‘ud severed his head. Imam Ibn Hajar has also stated the possibility that, “After Mu‘az bin Amr and Mu‘az bin Afraa attacked Abu Jahl, Mu’awwiz bin Afraa may have also attacked him as well.” This has been mentioned in the commentary of Bukhari, Fath-ul-Bari. 

*(Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab Fard al-Khumus, Bab Man lam Yakhmus al-Aslab, Hadith 3141, Kitabul Maghazi, Bab Qatl Abi Jahl, Hadith 3961-3962) (Fath-ul-Bari Sharh Sahih Bukhari, Vol. 7, pp. 295-96, al-Maktabah al-Salafiyyah)*

Account of the Killing of Abu Jahl in the Battle of Badr

Whilst mentioning this same account, Hazrat Musleh Maud (ra) has explained it in the following manner:

“Whilst Abu Jahl, who was the leader of the whole of Mecca and the commander of the Meccan army, was arranging the rows of his army for battle, Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf, an experienced general, states that he looked to his right and to his left to see what kind of support he had. He found to his amazement that he had only two young boys from the Ansar on his flanks, who were around 15 or 16 years of age. His heart sank and he said to himself, ‘Today I will not be able to carry out what my heart yearns for because unfortunately I have two inexperienced youths on either side of me. Moreover, they belong to the Ansar and thus are completely inexperienced in the art of war.’”

Hazrat Musleh Maud (ra) further relates:

“Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf had hardly finished saying this to himself when one of the boys touched his side with his elbow. Assuming that he wanted to say something to him, he turned towards him and he said, ‘O my Uncle, can you crouch a little more for I wish to say something in your ear, lest my companion hears me.’ Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf states that as he bent down to hear him, the youth said, ‘Which one is Abu Jahl, who used to cause pain and torment the Holy Prophet (sa). Uncle, I wish to fight him; tell me where he is.’ Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf had not yet replied to this youth’s enquiry, when his attention was similarly drawn by the boy on the other side, who tapped his elbow and asked him the same question, ‘O Uncle, which one is Abu Jahl, who used to cause pain and torment the Holy Prophet (sa)? I wish to kill him today.’

“Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf states that despite being a seasoned soldier, he did not think that even he would be able to kill Abu Jahl, who was not only the commander of the enemy but was surrounded by such experienced and skilled soldiers. Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf raised his finger to point at Abu Jahl for both of them and said, ‘There is Abu Jahl, who is armed to the teeth and standing behind the lines protected by those strong and fearless generals, with drawn swords.’ By this, Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf meant that to do such a thing was impossible for such inexperienced youth. However, he had not even dropped his finger, when the two boys dashed into the enemy ranks like an eagle catches its prey, making straight for their chosen target. Ikramah, the son of Abu Jahl, was standing in front of him, who was also a very experienced and fearless general, however, the two Ansari youth went so suddenly that no one could even react quick enough to find out why they were advancing ahead and quickly reached the guards in order to attack Abu Jahl. Their attack was so swift and sudden that the soldiers stood at guard could not even bring down their unsheathed swords, except for one and he cut the arm off of one of the Ansari boys. However, those who are ready and willing to sacrifice their life, what can a severed arm do to stop them? The two youths pounced with such force upon those stood at guard just like a rock falls from a mountain and ultimately attacked Abu Jahl, killing the commander of the enemy even before the battle had commenced.

“Hazrat Abdullah (ra) bin Mas‘ud states that towards the end of the battle, he arrived at the location where Abu Jahl was on the floor and breathing his last. Hazrat Abdullah (ra) bin Mas‘ud enquired his condition and Abu Jahl responded, ‘I am dying but in a state of anguish. Death is nothing significant, but the most regretful thing is that before I could even fulfil what my heart desired, I was attacked by two youths of the Ansar.’ The people of Mecca would consider the Ansar to be very lowly people hence he was dying in a state of anguish for he had been slain by two youths of the Ansar. He then said to Abdullah (ra) bin Mas‘ud, ‘I am in extreme pain. Do me a favour, sever my head with one single blow of your sword, but ensure that you cut my head from the lower part of the neck because the neck cut in this manner is the sign of a slain general.’ Although Hazrat Abdullah (ra) bin Mas‘ud accepted this request of his to kill him and cut short his pain, but severed his head in a way that it was closer to his chin. In other words, even at the time of his death, this desire of his went unfulfilled, i.e. to have his head severed in a manner where his neck would remain long.” 

*(Tafsir-e-Kabir, Vol. 8, p. 100)*

Hazrat Musleh Maud (ra) has related this account in regard to the subject of sacrifice in that even the children were filled with such deep love and affection for the Holy Prophet (sa) and how they sought to take revenge against those who opposed the Holy Prophet (sa).

This account has been related a few times before as well, but in any case, such was their level of sacrifice and love and affection for the Holy Prophet (sa) that they did not even have any concern for their own lives. 

Account of the Killing of Abu Jahl in the Battle of Badr (Hazrat Musleh Mau'd's (ra) Narration)

Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf had a long-standing friendship with Umayyah bin Khalf. There is a detailed narration about this in Sahih Bukhari in which Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf narrates that he wrote a letter to Umayyah bin Khalf stating:

“Umayyah would look after my property in Mecca and I would look after his in Medina. When I wrote my name as ‘Abdur Rahman’, Umayyah said, ‘I do not know any Abdur Rahman. Tell me and write down for me your name by which you went during the jahiliyyah, [i.e. the period of ignorance prior to the advent of Islam].’ So, I wrote my name as Abd Amr. When he came to participate in the Battle of Badr, I went up the hill to protect him once all the people had gone to sleep, but somehow Bilal (ra) saw him. Hence, Hazrat Bilal (ra) went to a gathering of the Ansar and standing among them, said, ‘Umayyah bin Khalf is nearby; if he escapes, then my life will be in danger.’ So, a group of people who were with Hazrat Bilal (ra) went out to follow us (i.e. Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) and Umayyah bin Khalf because Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf went out to protect him and to offer him refuge).”

The narrator further states:

“Being afraid that they would catch us, I left Umayyah’s son behind so that they would first engage in fighting with him and we would be able to advance further ahead (i.e. those Muslims who were pursuing them would become busy with fighting the son and they themselves would gain some lead over them and he would take Umayyah to a safe place). Subsequently, they killed him, (i.e. they killed his son) and they did not let my plan succeed and carried on following us. Umayyah was of a heavy build, so he was unable to escape quickly. Eventually, when they approached us, I told him to sit down. So, he sat down and I laid myself on him to protect him but they killed him by piercing him with their swords underneath me and one of them also injured my foot with his sword.” 

*(Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab-ul-Wakalah, Bab Idhaa Wakala al-Muslimu Harbiyyan fi Dar al-Harb, Hadith 2301)*

Further details of this incident are recorded in Tarikh al-Tabari as follows:

Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf narrates:

“Umayyah bin Khalf was my friend in Mecca. I used to go by the name Abd Amr at the time. While still in Mecca, I accepted Islam and I was given the name Abdur Rahman. After that, whenever he used to meet me, he would say, ‘O Abd Amr! Do you disregard the name given to you by your father?’ I used to say, ‘Yes’, upon which he would say, ‘I do not recognise any Rahman. It would be better if you proposed a different name and so, I will address you by that name because you do not respond to your old name. I will not address you by the name of something I am not aware of.’”

Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf further narrates:

“Whenever he used to call me by the name Abd Amr, I would not respond. I said, ‘O Abu Ali! You choose whatever you wish in this regard, but I will not respond to this old name.’ Umayyah bin Khalf then said, ‘Well, in that case, Abd Ilaah would be a better name for you.’ I said, ‘Fine!’ Hence, whenever we used to meet after that, he would address me by the name Abd Ilaah. I would respond to him and talk to him and this continued like this until the day of the Battle of Badr arrived and I passed by Umayyah, who was standing and holding his son, Ali bin Umayyah’s hand. I was holding a few chin armours, which I had acquired, and I was walking with them. Upon seeing me, he called out to me saying, ‘O Abd Amr!’ However, I did not respond to him. Following this, he said ‘O Abd Ilaah!’ Upon this I replied and enquired what he wanted. He responded, ‘Am I not better than these chain armours you are carrying?’ I said that if this is the case then come with me. I threw away the chain armours in order to give him refuge and grabbed hold of his and his son, Ali’s hand. Upon this, he said ‘I have never seen a day such as this one.’”

Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf further relates:

“I took both of them and set off, whilst walking in between father and son, holding them by the hand. Umayyah asked me, ‘O Abd Ilaah! Who is it among you that has the feather of an ostrich marked on his chest?’ I replied that it was Hamza bin Abdil-Muttalib. Umayyah said, ‘He is responsible for our state’” i.e. this terrible state that they were in was due to him.

Nevertheless, he further relates:

“I was walking along with him when Bilal (ra) saw me with them. Umayyah was the one who used to torture Hazrat Bilal (ra) in Mecca so that he would leave Islam. He used to take him to the rocky part of Mecca and once they had become extremely hot under the intense heat of the sun, he would make him lay on his back on the burning surface. He would then order for a large rock, which would be placed upon his chest. Following this, he would say that he would continue to be punished until he left the religion of Muhammad (sa). However, despite this torture, Bilal (ra) continued to say, ‘Ahad, Ahad’”, that is, “He is One, He is One.” “Therefore, when he saw him, that is when Hazrat Bilal (ra) saw Umayyah, he started saying that Umayyah bin Khalf was the chief of the disbelievers and that I would not survive if he was spared.’”

Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf narrated:

“I said to him ‘O Bilal! Both of them are my prisoners.’ Upon this, Bilal (ra) once again repeated that he would not survive if Umayyah was spared. I again said to Hazrat Bilal(ra), ‘O Ibn Sauda! Do you not hear [what I am saying]?’ Upon this, Bilal (ra) once again said, ‘I will not survive if he is spared.’ Following this, Hazrat Bilal (ra) said the following words in an extremely loud voice: ‘O Ansar! This is Umayyah bin Khalf, the chief of the disbelievers. I shall be destroyed if he is spared.’”

Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf further relates:

“Following this call of his, people surrounded us from all sides and trapped us and I began to protect Umayyah. One individual struck his son with the sword and he fell to the ground. At that moment, Umayyah screamed in such a loud manner that I had never heard the like thereof before. I told him to run but he was unable to do so. [I said] ‘By Allah! I am unable to assist you in any manner.’ In the meantime, the attackers struck both of them with their swords to such an extent that they killed them both.”

Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf used to say, “May Allah the Exalted have mercy on Bilal (ra) because not only did I lose my chain armours, but he also forcefully took my prisoners from me.” 

*(Tarikh al-Tabari, Vol. 2, p. 35, Dhikr Waqi’ah Badr al-Kubra, Dar-ul-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, 1987)*


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Friendship with Ummay bin Khalf & His Death in the Battle of Badr

Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf also took part in the Battle of Uhud. When the Muslims lost their positions on the day of the Battle of Uhud, Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf remained steadfast beside the Holy Prophet (sa). 

*(al-Tabaqaat-ul-Kubra li ibn Sa‘d, Vol. 3, p. 95, Abdur Rahman bin Auf, Dar-ul-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, 1990)*

On the day of the Battle of Uhud, Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf sustained 21 wounds. His foot was wounded to such an extent that he began to walk with a limp and also lost two of his front teeth. 

*(Usdul Ghabah, Vol. 3, p. 476, Abdur Rahman bin Auf, Dar-ul-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut)*

Injuries & Steadfastness in the Battle of Uhud

Hazrat Ibn Umar (ra) relates that during Sha‘ban [eighth month of the Islamic calendar] in 6 AH, the Holy Prophet (sa) sent a delegation consisting of 700 men towards Dumat-ul-Jandal under the leadership of Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf. The Holy Prophet (sa) wrapped a black turban around Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf’s head with his blessed hands and placed the loose cloth at the end of the turban between his shoulders. Following this, the Holy Prophet (sa) said, “O Abu Muhammad! I am receiving news of danger from Dumat-ul-Jandal. An army is gathering there in order to attack Medina. Set off into this direction, striving in the cause of Allah. Seven hundred mujahideen [people who strive in the cause of God] will accompany you. Once you reach Dumat-ul-Jandal, you should first present the message of Islam to their chief and their tribe of Kalb. However, in case a battle breaks out, you should be mindful of not being deceitful and dishonest with anyone, or breaking your oath. Do not kill children or women and purify the world from those rebelling against God.” Thus, war was permitted only with these particular conditions. Hence, when Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf reached Dumah, he invited them towards Islam for three days, however they continued to reject his message. Following this, Asbagh bin Amr Kalbi, who was their chief and a Christian, accepted Islam. Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf wrote to the Holy Prophet (sa), informing him of the entire event. The Holy Prophet (sa) stated that he should marry the daughter of this chief, Tumazir. And so, Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf married her and then returned with her to Medina. Tumazir was later known by the name Umm-e-Abu Salma. 

*(Roshan Sitarey az Ghulam Bari Saif Sahib, Vol. 2, p. 106) (al-Tabaqaat-ul-Kubra li ibn Sa‘d, Vol. 3, p. 96, Abdur Rahman bin Auf, Dar-ul-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut) (Asharah Mubasharah, Bashir Sajid, p. 875, al-Badr Publications, Lahore)*

Expedition of Dumat-ul-Jandal

Umar bin Abd-il-Aziz relates that in 14 AH, on the occasion of the Battle of Jisr, when Hazrat Umar (ra) was informed of the martyrdom of Hazrat Abu Ubaid (ra) bin Mas‘ud (I have previously mentioned the Battle of Jisr where an elephant of the Persian forces trampled over him); Nevertheless, when Hazrat Umar (ra) was informed of this and became aware of the fact that the people of Persia had chosen their king from among the family of Chosroes, he invited the Muhajireen and the Ansar for Jihad. Hazrat Umar (ra) departed from Medina and stayed in Sirar. This was the name of a mountain in Medina, located at a distance of three miles from Medina on the way to Iraq. Nevertheless, he stayed there and sent ahead Hazrat Talha (ra) bin Ubaidullah towards A‘was. Hazrat Umar (ra) appointed Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf as the commander of the right flank of the army and Zubair (ra) bin Awwam as the leader of the left flank of the army and appointed Hazrat Ali (ra) as his representative in Medina. Hazrat Umar (ra) took suggestions from the Muslims and all of them gave their suggestions to go to Persia. When the army departed, Hazrat Umar (ra) did not consult anyone until they reached Sirar. When he reached Sirar, it was then that he consulted them. When Hazrat Talha (ra) returned, he also held the same opinion as the others. Hazrat Talha (ra) was not present at first, but when he returned, he agreed to head forward. However, Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf was among those people who suggested to Hazrat Umar (ra) to not advance forward and stating the reason for this, he said:

“Before this day, I had never expressed to sacrifice my parents for anyone but the Holy Prophet (sa) and I will never do so in the future. However, today, I say to you that may my parents be sacrificed for you; leave the final decision regarding this matter in my hands.” Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf said this to Hazrat Umar (ra), who was the Khalifa at that time. He stated, “You should stay at Sirar and send forth a large army. From the beginning until this moment, you have already observed what Allah the Exalted has decreed in relation to your army. If your army was to suffer defeat, it would not be the same if you were defeated.” Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf then stated the reason for this and said, “If you were to be killed in the beginning, or were defeated, I am fearful that the Muslims will neither be able to exalt Allah again, nor give the testimony of لا اله الا الله [there is no God but Allah].” Whilst these discussions were taking place, Hazrat Umar (ra) was searching for an individual, who could be sent as the commander of the army. During this time, Hazrat Umar (ra) received a letter from Hazrat Sa‘d (ra), who was appointed to oversee the revenue from the alms collection [Sadaqah] in Najd at that time. After listening to Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf, Hazrat Umar (ra) then asked who should be entrusted with this responsibility. Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf stated, “You have already found the individual.” Hazrat Umar asked who he was. Hazrat Abdur Rahman replied, “It is the lion of the land, Sa‘d bin Malik”, that is, he was a very brave person and an excellent commander. He should be made commander and sent forth. The other individuals also supported this opinion. This is also a reference from Tarikh al-Tabari. 

*(Tarikh al-Tabari, Vol. 3, pp. 381-382, Bab dhikr amr al-Qadisiyyah, Dar-ul-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, 1987) (al-Kamil fi al-Tarikh, Vol. 2, p. 287, Sanah 13, Dhikr Waqi’ah Qass al-Natif, Dar-ul-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, 2003) (Farhang Sirat, p. 172, Zawwar Academy Publications, Karachi, 2003)*

Counsel to Hazrat Umar (ra) at the Battle of Jisr

The Holy Prophet (sa) gave accommodation in Medina to a number of tribes and companions. He provided the tribe of Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf a place to dwell in a land beside the Mosque of the Prophet, which was clustered with date trees. Furthermore, he granted Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf and Hazrat Umar (ra) some land. Later, Hazrat Zubair (ra) then purchased this land from the family of Hazrat Umar (ra), namely from his children. The Holy Prophet (sa) even vouchsafed to Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf that when the Muslims conquer Syria, he would have such and such portion of land. Thus, when the Muslims were victorious in Syria during the Khilafat of Hazrat Umar (ra), Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf was given those lands promised to him and that area which was promised to him was known as Salil. 

*(Roshan Sitarey az Ghulam Bari Saif Sahib, Vol. 2, pp. 105-106)*


Land Promised & Given to him by the Holy Prophet (sa)

Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf also had the honour of leading the prayer with the Holy Prophet (sa) in the congregation. Hazrat Mughirah (ra) relates, “I participated alongside the Holy Prophet (sa) in the Battle of Tabuk.” He says, “The Holy Prophet (sa) had gone to answer the call of nature prior to the Fajr prayer, so I carried the leather bag which contained water for him. When the Holy Prophet (sa) returned and came close to where I was standing (as he was standing at some distance), I began pouring the water onto his hands, so he washed both his hands three times and then washed his blessed face. Thereafter, he tried to take his arms out from his outer garment, but the sleeves were too tight, so he placed his hands inside the garment to uncover his arms and washed them up to his elbows. He then cleaned [his feet] by wiping over his leather socks. He then set forth, and I too walked with him until we found the people had ushered Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf forward and he was leading them in prayer. The Holy Prophet (sa) had reached during the second of the two rak‘aat [units of prayer], i.e. one rak‘at had already passed by that time and the second rak‘at of the Fajr prayer was being offered when he joined the lines of prayer in congregation. When Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf concluded the prayer with salam [salutation of peace], the Holy Prophet (sa) stood up to complete his prayer, which caused the Muslims to be anxious and they began increasing in performing the tasbih [glorification of God]. When the Holy Prophet (sa) had completed his prayer, he turned to the people and said, ‘What you did was right’, or ‘You did well.’”

In other words, the Holy Prophet (sa) expressed his delight over the fact that they began the prayer on time, by saying that they did well.

Hazrat Mughirah (ra) further relates, “When the Holy Prophet (sa) and I reached there, I desired to make Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf step back but the Holy Prophet (sa) instructed me not to and to therefore allow him to lead the prayer. After the prayer the Holy Prophet (sa) stated, ‘Indeed, every prophet in his lifetime has the opportunity to pray behind a pious person from among his followers.’” 

*(Sahih Muslim, Kitabus Salat, Bab Taqdeem al-Jama‘ah man Yusalli bihim idha Ta‘akhara al-Imam, Hadith 274) (al-Tabaqaat-ul-Kubra li ibn Sa‘d, Vol. 3, p. 96, min Bani Zuhrah bin Kilab, Dar-ul-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut)*

This was another great honour he was given by the Holy Prophet (sa), that is to say that not only did the Holy Prophet (sa) commend him for leading the prayer, but he also said that the fact he prayed behind Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf was testimony that he was a pious man.

Great Honour of Leading the Congregation including the Holy Prophet (sa) in Prayer 

In another account it is mentioned that Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf would offer lengthy prayers (voluntary prayers), before the Zuhr prayers and when he would hear the call to prayer, he would immediately make his way for the congregational prayer. 

*(Roshan Sitarey az Ghulam Bari Saif Sahib, Vol. 2, p. 107)*

Another narrator says that he witnessed Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf performing circuits around the Ka‘bah whilst supplicating to God to save him from the miserliness of the self. 

*(Roshan Sitarey az Ghulam Bari Saif Sahib, Vol. 2, p. 110)*

Hazrat Abdullah bin Umar (ra) relates, “The year Hazrat Umar (ra) was elected Khalifa, he appointed Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf as the Amir for the Hajj.” 

*(Tarikh al-Tabari, Vol. 2, pp. 379-380, Dhikr Ibtidaa amr al-Qadisiyyah, Dar-ul-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, 1987)*

Noble Traits & Honours

Abu Salama bin Abdir Rahman narrates that Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf once went to the Holy Prophet (sa) in complaint about the lice infestation, and pleaded, “O Messenger (sa) of Allah, permit me to wear silk clothing.” The traditional cotton clothing for some reason had a lot of lice at the time. Perhaps after it had spread from his hair, it was not going away and so he requested permission to wear silk clothing to protect against this. So the Holy Prophet (sa) granted him permission to wear it. After the demise of the Holy Prophet (sa) and Hazrat Abu Bakr (ra), when Hazrat Umar (ra) was elected Khalifa, Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf came to Hazrat Umar (ra) along with his son Abu Salama. Abu Salama was wearing an upper garment made of silk, and so Hazrat Umar (ra) asked, “What is this you are wearing?” Hazrat Umar (ra) then placed his hand near the collar area of Abu Salama and tore the shirt. Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf  then asked Hazrat Umar (ra), “Are you not aware that the Holy Prophet (sa) granted me permission?”, to which Hazrat Umar (ra) replied, “The Holy Prophet (sa) only granted you permission to do so because you complained to him about the lice infestation, and this permission was not extended to anyone else.” 

*(al-Tabaqaat-ul-Kubra li ibn Sa‘d, Vol. 3, p. 96, Abdur Rahman bin Auf, Dar-ul-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, 1990)*

Special Permission to wear Silk

Sa‘d bin Ibrahim relates that Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf would often wear a cloth, or once wore a cloth which was worth 400-500 dirhams. 

*(al-Tabaqaat-ul-Kubra li ibn Sa‘d, Vol. 3, p. 97, Abdur Rahman bin Auf, Dar-ul-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, 1990)*

In other words, he experienced such a time as well when he would wear extremely expensive clothes. Just observe the grace of Allah, that in spite of having no possessions at the time of migration, he was then able to wear the most expensive of clothes and God Almighty blessed him with many properties.

The Grace of Allah upon him

During the final illness of Hazrat Abu Bakr (ra), he appointed Hazrat Umar (ra) as the Khalifa. When he had made this intention, he called Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf and asked for his opinion about Hazrat Umar (ra). Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf answered, “O Khalifa of the Messenger (sa), he is held in high esteem in the eyes of other people as well, but he can be rather strict in his temperament.” Hazrat Abu Bakr (ra) then said, “The reason why he possessed this is that he would see me being lenient and so he would be strict to keep things balanced.” Hazrat Abu Bakr (ra) continued, “When he is given this responsibility, he shall abandon many of his practises such as this and you shall not witness the same strictness in him.” Hazrat Abu Bakr (ra) then said, “O Abu Muhammad, I have observed him closely that whenever I would express my displeasure at someone in a certain matter, Hazrat Umar (ra) would counsel me to show leniency to them, and whenever I would show leniency to someone, he would advise me to be strict.” Hazrat Abu Bakr (ra) then said, “O Abu Muhammad, do not mention what I have told you to anyone else.” Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf agreed to this. 

*(Tarikh al-Tabari, Vol. 3, Dhikr Istikhlafah Umar bin Khattab, p. 352, Dar-ul-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, 1987)*


Consulted by Hazrat Abu Bakr (ra)

After the conquest of Mecca, the Holy Prophet (sa) sent some delegations to various locations. Hazrat Khalid (ra) bin Waleed was sent to the Banu Jazima. During the period of jahiliyyah [era of ignorance prior to the advent of the Holy Prophet (sa)], the Banu Jazima had killed Auf, the father of Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf and also Fakih bin Mughira, who was the paternal uncle of Hazrat Khalid (ra) bin Waleed. During this visit, out of error, Hazrat Khalid (ra) bin Waleed killed one of the men from that tribe. When the Holy Prophet (sa) learnt of this news, he expressed his displeasure. The Holy Prophet (sa) paid the blood-money and also compensated for everything that Hazrat Khalid (ra) had taken from him. When Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf found out about this act of Hazrat Khalid(ra) bin Waleed, he said to him i.e. Hazrat Abdur Rahman(ra) bin Auf said to Hazrat Khalid(ra) bin Waleed, “‘Did you kill him because they had killed your paternal uncle?’ Hazrat Khalid(ra) bin Waleed replied in a rather stern tone, ‘They also killed your father!’ Hazrat Khalid (ra) bin Waleed further stated, ‘You wish to prolong those days’”, i.e. Hazrat Khalid (ra) bin Waleed claimed that since Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf had accepted Islam in the very early days, therefore he considered this a great honour and wished to take advantage of this honour. “Hazrat Khalid (ra) bin Waleed said this in a tone of anger and displeasure, and so this news also reached the Holy Prophet (sa). When the Holy Prophet (sa) heard this, he stated, ‘Leave my Companions alone. I swear by Him in Whose hands lies my life that even if anyone amongst you was to spend gold [in the way of God Almighty] equivalent to the size of the mountain of Uhud, it will still be less than their smallest of sacrifices of these individuals.’” In other words, such was the lofty rank of those early companions, whose sacrifices are incomparable. 

*(Roshan Sitarey az Ghulam Bari Saif Sahib, Vol. 2, pp. 108-109) (Usdul Ghabah, Vol. 3, p. 479, Abdur Rahman bin Auf, Dar-ul-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut)*


Lofty Rank in the eyes of the Holy Prophet (sa)

Regarding Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf, the Holy Prophet (sa) once stated, “He is the chief even amongst the leaders of the Muslims.” The Holy Prophet (sa) also stated, “Abdur Rahman (ra) is the amin [trustworthy and faithful] one in the heavens and on the earth.” 

*(al-Isti‘ab, Vol. 2, p. 846, Abdur Rahman bin Auf, Dar-ul-Jeel, Beirut)*


Chief of the Leaders of the Muslims & Amin

On one occasion, Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf became so severely ill that he lost consciousness and his wife let out a cry in that moment. In other words, such was the severity of his illness that she let out a cry due to her anguish. However, when Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf recovered and his health improved a little, he stated that when he became unconscious, he saw in a vision that two men came to him and stated, “Let us take you before God, the Most Supreme, and obtain a verdict regarding you.” However, a third individual then met them and said, “Do not take him away, for he was blessed with good fortune even from the time he was in the womb of his mother.” This was a vision Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf saw in relation to himself. 

*(al-Isabah Fi Tamyeez al-Sahabah, Vol. 4, p. 291, Abdur Rahman bin Auf, Dar-ul-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, 1995)*


A Vision about himself

Naufal bin Iyaas Hudhali narrates:

“Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf would sit in our gatherings and was a most excellent companion. One day, he took us to his home. After bathing, he brought us a plate of food which consisted of bread and meat, and then he began to weep. We asked him ‘O Abu Muhammad! Why do you weep?’ He replied, ‘The Holy Prophet (sa) departed this world in a state whereby he and his family were not even able to satisfy themselves with bread made of barley’” i.e. they did not even have enough bread made of barley to eat; “‘I do not think that our delay has benefitted us.’” In other words, he was not sure whether the fact that living for a long period of time was better for them or whether it was a trial or a test. 

*(al-Isabah Fi Tamyeez al-Sahabah, Vol. 4, p. 291, Abdur Rahman bin Auf, Dar-ul-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, 1995)*

Such were the sentiments of the Companions (ra) and their fear of God and the love they had for the Holy Prophet (sa) and his family. These sentiments were not limited only to the Holy Prophet (sa) and his family, but the companions had love for each other as well.

Love for the Holy Prophet (sa)

This mutual love can be witnessed through an incident related to Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf. One evening, food was brought before Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf. Different kinds of dishes were presented before him from which he took a morsel to eat. Just as he placed the morsel of food in his mouth, a state of great anguish and fervency came over him. He left the food saying, “Mus‘ab (ra) bin Umair was martyred in Uhud and he was better than I. He was buried in his own cloak” i.e. they did not have a cloth with which to bury him, “therefore they buried him using the cloak he was wearing. The condition of even that cloth was that if they would cover his legs, his head would become uncovered, and if his head would be covered, then his legs would become uncovered.” Hazrat Abdur Rahman bin Auf (ra) then stated, “Hamza (ra) was martyred and he was better than I. We have been bestowed wealth and affluence. I fear lest we have been bestowed the reward for our deeds in this life.” After this he began to weep and left his food. Such was the fear of God they had within themselves. 

*(Roshan Sitarey az Ghulam Bari Saif Sahib, Vol. 2, pp. 111-112)*

Fear of God

It is narrated by Hazrat Abdullah bin Abbas (ra) that when Hazrat Umar (ra) left for Syria, he stopped at Saragh. Saragh is the name of an inhabited area near the valley of Tabuk, which is situated near the borders of Hijaz and Syria and was at a distance of 13 days of travel from Medina. In other words, to reach there from Medina, it would take 13 days of continuous travel by modes of transport that were used in those days.

When Hazrat Umar (ra) reached this area, he met the commander of the armies, Hazrat Abu Ubaidah (ra) bin al-Jarrah and his fellow companions. This incident took place in 18 AH, during the Khilafat of Hazrat Umar (ra) after the conquest of Syria. They informed Hazrat Umar (ra) that there was an outbreak of a plague in Syria. Hazrat Ibn Abbas (ra) narrates that Hazrat Umar (ra) asked for the early Muhajireen to come and take their suggestions. Hazrat Umar (ra) consulted with them, however there was a difference of opinions amongst the Muhajireen.

Some of them were of the opinion that they should continue on with their journey and not turn back, whilst the others suggested that the noble Companions of the Holy Prophet (sa) were present in the army and therefore, it was not appropriate for them to be taken into an area where there was a plague and it was better to return.

Hazrat Umar (ra) then told the Muhajireen to leave and invited the Ansar to present their suggestions. Just like the Muhajireen, the Ansar also had a difference of opinions, in other words, some suggested to return and others were of the opinion to continue going ahead.

Hazrat Umar (ra) then invited the elders of the Quraish, who had accepted Islam at the occasion of the conquest of Mecca and came to Medina. All of them unanimously expressed their opinion of taking everyone back and that there was no need to enter an area where there was an outbreak of the plague. Accepting their suggestion, Hazrat Umar (ra) announced to return.

Hazrat Abu Ubaidah (ra) bin al-Jarrah then asked that was it possible for one to escape from what God has decreed. Were they returning out of fear of the plague because this was God’s decree and one cannot escape from that. Replying to Hazrat Abu Ubaidah (ra), Hazrat Umar (ra) stated, “O Abu Ubaidah (ra)! I wish it was someone else who would have uttered what you have said. Indeed, we are moving away from one decree of God to another.”

Explaining what destiny is, Hazrat Umar (ra) further stated and gave the following example: “Say you have some camels and you reach a valley which has two sides; one is a lush green area full of vegetation, while the other is a dry and barren land. Now, would it not be in accordance with the decree of God if you were to take your camels to graze in the area with lots of vegetation, and on the other hand, it will also be according to the decree of God if you decided to take them to the dry and barren land. Thus, the decree of God has presented you with two options”, i.e. a lush green area and the other a dry and barren land except for a few bushes or very little grass. “You cannot say that the vegetation has grown due to its own decree and the dry and barren land is owing to the decree of God. In fact, both are due to the decree of God and you must now decide which option you take and it is obvious that you will take the option of the land which has vegetation.”

The narrator of this tradition states that when Hazrat Umar (ra) had said all of this, Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf came, who was not present before owing to some other work he was engaged in. Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf submitted, “Since you are asking for suggestions, I have the answer to this issue. I once heard the Holy Prophet (sa) say that if one learns about the outbreak of a disease in a certain area, they should not travel there. And if the disease has emerged in an area which one resides in, then they shouldn’t leave the area in order to escape from it.”

Thus, one should not travel to an area where there is an outbreak of disease and if one lives in an area where the disease has developed, then they should not leave from there, so that the disease does not spread further to other people.

We are also observing this currently as well that those countries which implemented the lockdown in time were able to contain the disease to a large degree. However, those who failed to do so and showed negligence, the disease continues to spread. In any case, the Holy Prophet (sa) taught this fundamental principle to his companions right from the beginning.

Upon hearing this [i.e. from Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf], Hazrat Umar (ra) praised Allah the Almighty and returned from there. 

*(Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Tibb, Bab Ma Yudhkaru fi al-Ta‘un, Hadith 5729)*

Instruction Regarding the Outbreak of a Plague 


Hazrat Miswar bin Makhrama relates that when Hazrat Umar (ra) was in good health and would be requested to appoint a Khalifa after him, he would always refuse to do so. However, one day, Hazrat Umar (ra) came to the pulpit and mentioned a few things and then said, “If I pass away, then I entrust your affairs to six individuals, whom the Holy Prophet (sa) was pleased with at the time of his demise. They are: Hazrat Ali bin Abu Talib (ra) and bearing similarity to him, Hazrat Zubair (ra) bin Awwam; Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf and bearing similarity to him, Hazrat Uthman (ra) bin Affan; Hazrat Talhah (ra) bin Ubaidullah and bearing similarity to him, Hazrat Sa’d (ra) bin Malik. Hearken for I instruct you to adopt Taqwa and justice whilst carrying out your decisions.”

Abu Jafar relates that Hazrat Umar (ra) bin Khattab told the members of the Electoral Committee, “Consult with one another and if your decision is equally split then consult again and if there are four votes to two, then go with the majority.”

Zaid bin Aslam relates from his father that Hazrat Umar (ra) stated that if there was a split in the votes, i.e. three on each side, then choose and show obedience to the one who Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf voted for.

Abdur Rahman bin Saeed states that when Hazrat Umar (ra) sustained an injury, he instructed that [after his demise] Hazrat Suhaib (ra) would be Imam-ul-Salat, i.e. he would lead them in prayer and Hazrat Umar (ra) repeated this three times. Hazrat Umar (ra) then stated that [after his demise] they would consult with one another to appoint the next Khalifa and entrusted this matter to six individuals. He also stated that anyone who disobeys their decision and opposes them, should be killed. Thus, these six individuals were entrusted with appointing the next Khalifa and during this time, Hazrat Suhaib (ra) was to lead the congregational prayers.

Hazrat Anas (ra) bin Malik narrates shortly before his demise, Hazrat Umar (ra) sent a message to Hazrat Abu Talha (ra) stating, “O Abu Talha, take 50 men from among your tribe of the Ansar and go to those six men who are part of the electoral committee and remain there for three days until they appoint someone from amongst themselves as the Khalifa. O Allah, You are my guardian over them.”

Ishaq bin Abdullah relates that Hazrat Abu Talha (ra) stood beside the grave of Hazrat Umar (ra) for a while along with his men and then remained with the members of the electoral committee. When members of the committee decided to entrust the responsibility of electing their leader with Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf, Hazrat Abu Talha (ra) along with his men stood guard at the house of Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf for three days until people took the Bai‘at of Hazrat Uthman (ra).

Hazrat Salma bin Abi Salma (ra) relates from his father that the first person to take the Bai‘at at the hands of Hazrat Uthman (ra) was Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf and after that it was Hazrat Ali (ra).

Umar bin Umairah, the freed slave of Hazrat Umar (ra) relates from his grandfather that the first person to take the Bai‘at of Hazrat Uthman (ra) was Hazrat Ali (ra) and after that everyone else took the Bai‘at. 

*(al-Tabaqaat-ul-Kubra li ibn Sa‘d, Vol. 3, pp. 44-46, Dhikr al-Shura wa maa kana min Amrihim, Dhikr Bai’ah Uthman, Dar-ul-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, 1990)*

According to a narration of Bukhari, it is stated that when Hazrat Umar (ra) stood to lead the prayer and had just started it by saying “Allahu Akbar”, someone attacked him and in his state of injury, Hazrat Umar (ra) held the hand of Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf, who was standing close to him and directed him to lead the prayer. Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf led the prayer but kept it short. 

*(Sahih Bukhari, Kitab Fada‘il Ashab An-Nabi(sa), Bab Qissatul Bai‘ah wal-Ittifaq alaa Uthman bin Affan, Hadith 3700)*

Mentioning the role of Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf during the election of Hazrat Uthman (ra), Hazrat Musleh Maud (ra) states (in the earlier two narrations, except for one detail, all the other details that have been mentioned are the same):

“When Hazrat Umar (ra) was injured and realised that his demise was imminent, he nominated six persons and advised them to elect the Khalifa from among themselves. They included Hazrat Uthman (ra), Hazrat Ali (ra) Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf, Hazrat Sa‘d (ra) bin Abi Waqas, Hazrat Zubair (ra) and Hazrat Talha (ra). In addition to them, he included Hazrat Abdullah bin Umar (ra) as an advisor, but did not declare him entitled to Khilafat. He also admonished that these people should give their verdict within three days, and Hazrat Suhaib (ra) should lead the prayer during that period of time.

“He appointed Hazrat Miqdad (ra) bin al-Aswad to oversee the consultation and election process and directed him to gather the Electoral College at one place and to guard them with his sword.”

In the earlier narrations, it was stated that Hazrat Talha (ra) was instructed to stand guard but after consulting various sources, Hazrat Musleh Maud (ra) has concluded that according to him, it was Hazrat Miqdad (ra) bin al-Aswad who was instructed to stand guard until the Khalifa was elected.

“Hazrat Umar (ra) then stated that the people should take the Bai‘at of the person who is elected by the majority of votes, and if any one declines to do so, then he should be killed. If there be three votes on each side, then Hazrat Abdullah bin Umar (ra) would recommend who the Khalifa should be. If members of the Electoral College do not agree to the decision of Hazrat Abdullah bin Umar (ra), then the person favoured by Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf should be appointed as Khalifa.

“These five companions discussed this matter (as Hazrat Talha (ra) was not in Medina at that time).”

According to Hazrat Musleh Maud (ra), Hazrat Talha (ra) was not in Medina at the time, hence there were five companions.

“However, they could not come to any conclusion. After a lengthy discussion, Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf asked if anyone wanted to withdraw their name, but all of them remained quiet. On this, Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf withdrew his name, then Hazrat Uthman (ra) withdrew his name and then two others did the same. Hazrat Ali (ra) remained quiet, however he then took a pledge from Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf that he (i.e. Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra)) would be completely impartial, and they all entrusted the responsibility of making the decision to Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf. For three days, Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf visited every house in Medina to obtain the opinion of every man and woman in regard to who they thought should be elected as Khalifa. All of them expressed their agreement to the Khilafat of Hazrat Uthman (ra). Thus, he gave his verdict in favour of Hazrat Uthman (ra) and he became the Khalifa.” 

*(Khilafat-e-Rashidah, Anwar-ul-Ulum, Vol. 15, pp. 484-485)*

There is another narration in reference to this, however it is quite lengthy, therefore I will separately mention it later, if needed, whilst continuing to relate the accounts of Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf, insha-Allah. Or it is possible this lengthy narration may be mentioned with reference to Hazrat Uthman’s (ra) Khilafat or in relation to the accounts of Hazrat Umar’s (ra) life. However, apart from this narration, there are a few more accounts in relation to Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf’s life, piety and character which I will insha-Allah narrate in the future sermon.

The Electoral Committee and Election of Hazrat Uthman (ra)


Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf was known for his generosity and he also offered many financial sacrifices. Most of today’s references are regarding this attribute of his.

It is mentioned in a narration that as part of his will, Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf left 400 dinars to those Companions who participated in the Battle of Badr and subsequently, this was fulfilled according to his will. At the time, the Badri companions [that were alive] numbered one hundred. 

*(al-Isabah fi Tamyeez al-Sahabah, Vol. 4, p. 293, Abdur Rahman bin Auf, Dar-ul-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, 1995)*

When the Holy Prophet (sa) ordered the Companions to prepare for the Battle of Tabuk, he also urged the more affluent among them to offer wealth and mounts in the way of Allah. Upon this, Hazrat Abu Bakr (ra) came forward first and brought all of his belongings, which amounted to 4,000 dirhams. The Holy Prophet (sa) asked Hazrat Abu Bakr (ra), “Have you left anything for your family?” He replied, “I left Allah and His Messenger for them.” Hazrat Umar (ra) brought half of his belongings. The Holy Prophet (sa) asked Hazrat Umar (ra), “Have you left anything for your family?” He replied, “I have left half for them.”

Hazrat Abdur Rahman(ra) bin Auf gave 100 auqiyah. One auqiyah is equivalent to 40 dirhams, i.e. he gave approximately 4,000 dirhams. Following this, the Holy Prophet (sa) stated, “Uthman (ra) bin Affan and Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf are from among the treasures of Allah the Almighty on earth, who spend for the sake of acquiring Allah’s pleasure.” 

*(al-Sirat al-Halabiyyah, Vol. 3, p. 184, Ghazwah Tabuk, Dar-ul-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, 2002) (Lughaat-ul-Hadith, Vol. 4, p. 527, Lafz ‘Auqiyah’)*

Hazrat Umm-e-Bakr (ra) bint Miswar relates that Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf purchased a piece of land from Hazrat Uthman (ra) for 40,000 dinars and divided it amongst the poor and needy of the Banu Zuhrah tribe and amongst the Ummahat-ul-Momineen [mothers of the believers, i.e. the wives of the Holy Prophet (sa)].

Miswar bin Makhrama relates:

“When I gave Hazrat Aisha (ra) her portion of this land, she asked who had sent it? I informed her that Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf gave it. Upon this, Hazrat Aisha (ra) said, ‘The Holy Prophet (sa) said that after his demise, the one to treat her with kindness would be among the most patient of all.’ Following this, Hazrat Aisha (ra) prayed, ‘O Allah! Enable Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf to drink from the fountain of Salsabil in paradise.’” 

*(al-Tabaqaat-ul-Kubra li ibn Sa‘d, Vol. 3, p. 98, Abdur Rahman bin Auf, Dar-ul-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, 1990) (Roshan Sitarey az Ghulam Bari Saif Sahib, Vol. 2, p. 119)*

In one narration, it is mentioned that the Holy Prophet (sa) said that after his demise, the person who would care for his family would indeed be an honest and pious individual. Hence, whenever Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf would set out to perform the Hajj with the Ummahat-ul-Momineen, he would assist them by preparing their carriages and covering the saddles with a cloth as a veil and he would select such valleys for them to camp that were not commonly used by travellers so that they could rest with ease and maintain their Purdah [veil]. 

*(al-Isabah fi Tamyeez al-Sahabah, Vol. 4, p. 292, Abdur Rahman bin Auf, Dar-ul-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, 1995)*

Once, there was a food shortage in Medina. During this time, a caravan came from Syria to Medina, which consisted of 700 camel loads of wheat, flour and other provisions. This generated a lot of excitement amongst the people, upon which Hazrat Aisha (ra) enquired about the reason. She was informed that a caravan of Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf consisting of 700 camels had come, which was loaded with wheat flour and other provisions. Hazrat Aisha (ra), the Mother of the Believers, stated, “I heard the Holy Prophet (sa) state that Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf would enter paradise upon his knees.” When Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf heard this narration of Hazrat Aisha (ra), the Mother of the Believers, he went to her and said, “O Mother, I hold you witness that I have given all this grain, provisions and even the saddles on the camels away in the way of Allah, so that I may enter paradise whilst walking.” 

*(Usdul Ghabah, Vol. 3, p. 478, Abdur Rahman bin Auf, Dar-ul-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut) (Roshan Sitarey az Ghulam Bari Saif Sahib, Vol. 2, pp. 110-111)*

The majority of the accounts of Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf spending in the way of Allah have been collected by those who have compiled the various accounts in the lives of the Companions (ra). It is mentioned in Usdul Ghabah that Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf was one who spent in the cause of Allah. On one occasion, he freed 30 slaves in one day. 

*(Roshan Sitarey az Ghulam Bari Saif Sahib, Vol. 2, p. 110)*

On another occasion, Hazrat Umar (ra) was in need of some money so he requested Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf for a loan. Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf replied, “O Leader of the Faithful! Why do you ask this of me when you can take a loan from the Baitul-Mal [treasury] or from Hazrat Uthman (ra) or from any other person who has the provisions?” Hazrat Umar (ra) replied, “I do so lest I forget to return the amount to the treasury, or if I were to take the loan from another person, I may forget to return it and they may not request the amount back out of respect or due to other reasons. However, you would easily be able to ask for it back.” 

*(Asharah Mubasharah, Bashir Sajid, p. 882, Al Badr Publications, Lahore)*

Due to their close relationship, they were very frank with one another and when he would require his money, he would be able to easily take it back.

Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf’s son, Ibrahim relates on the authority of his father that the Holy Prophet (sa) said, “O Ibn Auf! You shall enter paradise whilst crawling because you are wealthy. Therefore, you ought to spend in the way of Allah so that you may walk on your feet into heaven.” This is similar to the narration of Hazrat Aisha (ra) that was previously mentioned.

Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf submitted, “O Messenger (sa) of Allah! What should I spend in the way of Allah?”, to which he answered, “Whatever you have at present.” Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf asked, “O Messenger (sa) of Allah, all of it?” The Holy Prophet (sa) replied, “Yes.” So Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf left with the intention of giving all his wealth in the cause of Allah. A short while later, the Holy Prophet (sa) sent for him to be called back and said, “After you left, Gabriel came saying I should tell Abdur Rahman to spend [his wealth] on hospitality, feeding the poor, giving to those in need, and when spending on others he should first spend on his relatives. When he does all this, his wealth shall be purified.” 

*(al-Tabaqaat-ul-Kubra li ibn Sa‘d, Vol. 3, p. 97, Min Bani Zuhrah bin Kilab, Dar-ul-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, 1990) (Roshan Sitarey az Ghulam Bari Saif Sahib, Vol. 2, p. 112)*

In this way, the wealth spent in the way of Allah would become pure and ensure that he did not enter paradise on his knees, but instead, standing on his two feet. This would be the direct impact of his sacrifice.

Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf once gave half his entire wealth of 4,000 dirhams in the way of Allah. On another occasion, he gave 40,000 dirhams in alms for the sake of God, then on another occasion, he gave 40,000 dinars. Once, he gave 500 horses in the way of Allah and on another occasion, he gave 500 camels in the way of Allah. 

*(Usdul Ghabah, Vol. 3, p. 478, Abdur Rahman bin Auf, Dar-ul-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut) (Roshan Sitarey az Ghulam Bari Saif Sahib, Vol. 2, p. 111)*

Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf’s son, Abu Salama, narrates:

“Our father left an orchard in his will for the wives of the Holy Prophet (sa). The value of this orchard was 400,000 dirhams.” 

*(Roshan Sitarey az Ghulam Bari Saif Sahib, Vol. 2, p. 119)*

Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf instructed that out of his will, 50,000 dinars ought to be given in the way of Allah. He left behind 1,000 camels, 3,000 goats and 100 horses, which would graze in Baqi. He also had 20 camels that would irrigate farmland at Jurf, which was an area of land situated approximately three miles north of Medina, where Hazrat Umar (ra) also owned some land. From this farmland, Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf would ensure there was enough grain for the entire year for his household.

According to one narration, he left behind so much gold that it had to be cut up with axes and those cutting it up suffered blisters on their hands. 

*(al-Tabaqaat-ul-Kubra li ibn Sa‘d, Vol. 3, pp. 100-101, Abdur Rahman bin Auf, Dar-ul-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, 1990) (Roshan Sitarey az Ghulam Bari Saif Sahib, Vol. 2, p. 118) (Farhang Sirat, p. 87, Zawwar Academy Publications, Karachi, 2003)*

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Generosity & Passion for Financial Sacrifice

Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf passed away in 31 AH, whereas according to other narrations, he passed away in 32 AH. He lived to the age of 72, whereas some other narrations state that he lived until the age of 78 and was buried in Jannat al-Baqi. Hazrat Uthman (ra) led his funeral prayer, however according to other sources, Hazrat Zubair (ra) bin al-Awwam led his funeral prayer. 

*(al-Isabah fi Tamyeez al-Sahabah, Vol. 4, p. 293, Abdur Rahman bin Auf, Dar-ul-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, 1995) (al-Tabaqaat-ul-Kubra li ibn Sa‘d, Vol. 3, p. 117, Abdur Rahman bin Auf, Dar-ul-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, 1990)*

At the demise of Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf, Hazrat Sa‘d bin Malik (ra) stated,

وَاجَبَلَاہ 

that is, “Alas! A colossal personality has departed.”

Hazrat Ali (ra) stated, “Ibn Auf (ra) has departed from among us. He only drank the pure water from the fountains of this world and did not partake of its unclean water.” In other words, Ibn Auf (ra) lived during an excellent era and departed before the times turned for the worse. 

*(Roshan Sitarey az Ghulam Bari Saif Sahib, Vol. 2, p. 117)*

Hazrat Abdur Rahman (ra) bin Auf was survived by three wives; each wife received her share of one-eighth, which amounted to 80,000 dirhams. According to another narration, he had four wives, each of whom received 80,000 dirhams. 

*(al-Tabaqaat-ul-Kubra li ibn Sa‘d, Vol. 3, p. 101, Abdur Rahman bin Auf, Dar-ul-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, 1990)*

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